PA STANDARDS:
10.1.6.E – Identify health problems that can occur throughout life and
describe ways to prevent them.
·
Diseases (Cancer, diabetes, STDs, Heart Disease)
SPECIFIC BEHAVIORAL OBJECTIVES:
Cognitive:
The
student will compile facts on communicable diseases.
Affective:
The student will
share his/her experience with a communicable disease.
CONTENT OUTLINE:
I. Disease
– An illness that affects the proper functioning of the body or mind.
A. Communicable disease – spread from person to
person
II. Common
Communicable Diseases
A. Cold –
begin unexpectedly with a sore throat, nasal drainage, sneezing, a tired
feeling, a low fever, and sometimes a cough.
i. Colds may last for weeks, with a cough lingering, and mucus becoming
darker.
ii. symptoms usually start between one and three days after you are
infected by a cold virus.
iii. Contagious during the first three days
B. Chicken
Pox – common illness that cause an itchy rash, and red spots or blisters all
over the body.
i. Most common in children
ii. Most people will get chicken pox in their life, if they do not
receive the chicken pox vaccine.
iii. Not a problem for healthy children, but can cause problems for
pregnant women,
newborns, teens, and adults who have immune system problems.
iv. After you have the chicken pox, you are not likely to get them
again.
v. Spread very easily by someone infected who, sneezes, coughs, shares
food or drinks.
vi. Spread before the person even shows symptoms, and 2-3 days before
rash appears.
vii. Symptoms:
1. fever
2. headache
3. sore throat
4. decrease in appetite
viii. Takes 14-16 days to get the symptoms of the chicken pox, after
being around someone
with the virus
ix. Stages of chicken pox – blistering, bursting, drying, and crusting
over. New red spots appear every day for 5-7 days.
x. May go back to school or work when all blisters have crusted
over. Usually takes about 10
days after the symptoms first start.
xi. Treatment – take medicines to reduce fever, rest, and soak in an
oatmeal bath, and use
calamine lotion.
C. Influenza
– an extremely contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza A or B
viruses. Flu appears most frequently in
winter and early spring. The flu virus attacks the body by spreading through
the upper and/or lower respiratory tract.
i. Symptoms – high fever, severe aches and pains, generalized weakness,
warm flushed skin,
watery eyes, headache, dry cough, feeling fatigue, and sore throat,
ii. treatment depends on the symptoms you are feeling. If congested take a decongestant
like Sudafed, if coughing buy any over the counter cough medicine like Dimetapp.
D. Pneumonia – A lung infection that can make
you very sick.
i. Pneumonia
usually starts when you breathe the germs into your lungs. You may be more likely to get the disease after having a cold or the flu. These illnesses make
it hard for your lungs to fight
infection, so it is easier to get pneumonia. Having a long-term, or chronic, disease like asthma, heart disease,
cancer, or diabetes
also makes you more likely to
get pneumonia.
ii.
Symptoms
1. Cough with mucus
2. Fever
3. Fast breathing,
shortness of breath
4. Shaking and “teeth”
chattering
5. Chest pain, feeling
worse when coughing
6. Fast heart beat
7. Feeling very tired, or
very weak
8. Nausea or vomiting
9. Diarrhea
iii.
Diagnosed by having a chest X Ray, or a blood test performed.
iv.
Treatment – take the antibiotic the doctor prescribes for the entire time. Get enough rest, and sleep, and drink plenty of liquids
E. STD’s – Sexually Transmitted Diseases or
sexually transmitted infections
i. STDs are
sexually transmitted diseases. This means they are most often — but not exclusively — spread by sexual intercourse.
AIDS, chlamydia, genital herpes, genital warts,
gonorrhea, some forms of hepatitis, syphilis and trichomoniasis are STDs.
ii. STDs
are serious illnesses that require treatment.
iii.
Symptoms
1. Rash, blisters, soars, lumps, or
bumps
2. Weight loss, night sweats
3. Headache
4. Fever
iv.
Treatment – You must see a doctor. Do
not try to treat on your own.
1. Some may be cured with an
antibiotic.
2. Some STD’s do not have any
treatment.
METHODS/LEARNING EXPERIENCES:
Introductory:
(7 minutes)
Welcome
the class. Take attendance. At The Bell
question, “Please write down in your own
words, the definition for disease.” Hand back any student work during this
time, and set up the stations for
the lesson. Ask students who would like
to share their definitions. Inform students that today they are going to
work in groups, moving around from station to station learning about different diseases.
Developmental:
(35 minutes)
Start
class by telling the students the definition of disease – an illness that
affects the proper functioning of the body or mind. Ask students if they know the two different
types of diseases they are going to learn about. Communicable and Non Communicable. Communicable diseases are spread from person
to person. Inform students that today
they are going to go around the classroom and write down information on 5
communicable diseases on a fact sheet that you will be handing out. The students will be grouped by where they
are seated in the classroom. There will
be 6 people in a group. They will have 5
minutes at each station to write down what the disease is, symptoms, and
treatment. If finished early at the
station, the students may share a story about a time they had that disease. Remind students to stay on topic and that
they should be writing down this important information at each station. After everyone is able to go through the
stations, the students will then return to their desks and discuss their
findings. Ask students to share any
experiences they might have had with the disease. After going over the 5 communicable diseases,
collect the student’s information sheets.
Culminating:
(2 minutes)
At
the end of class, ask students to share with the person sitting next to them
one disease they
learned about including the symptoms and treatments. After students are finished they may collect their belongings
and wait for the bell to ring. Let
students know that they will be
doing the same thing tomorrow but learning about different diseases.
STUDENT ASSESSMENTS:
·
Communicable Disease Fact Sheet
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